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WS-2021-0362
Published:May 14, 2026
Updated:May 14, 2026
Impact A Remote Command Execution vulnerability was found in the rebber module, which allowed execution of arbitrary commands. The reported problem came from CodeBlocks, which could be escaped to insert malicious LaTeX. Anyone using "rebber" without sanitation of code content or a custom macro is impacted by this vulnerability. Here is an example of a Markdown content that will exploit the vulnerability: \end{CodeBlock} \immediate\write18{COMMAND > outputrce} \input{outputrce} \begin{CodeBlock}{text} Will insert into the generated LaTeX the result of executing "COMMAND" on the system. Patches The vulnerability has been patched in version 5.2.1. If impacted, you should update to this version as soon as possible. Workarounds It is possible to mitigate the vulnerability without upgrading by using a custom code macro. Please make sure this custom macro escapes your closing LaTeX sequence. For the example above, use: const escaped = content.replace(new RegExp('\\end\s*{CodeBlock}', 'g'), '') For more information If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, open an issue in "ZMarkdown" (https://github.com/zestedesavoir/zmarkdown/issues).
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CVSS v4
Base Score:
9.3
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Attack Requirements
NONE
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Vulnerable System Confidentiality
HIGH
Vulnerable System Integrity
HIGH
Vulnerable System Availability
HIGH
Subsequent System Confidentiality
NONE
Subsequent System Integrity
NONE
Subsequent System Availability
NONE
CVSS v3
Base Score:
9.8
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
HIGH
Integrity
HIGH
Availability
HIGH
Weakness Type (CWE)
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')